Cyperus sesquiflorus

Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens from wild populations. Cultivated occurrences are not mapped. View county names by placing the cursor over the map.

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Family:	CYPERACEAE
Species:	Cyperus sesquiflorus (Torr.)Mattf. & Kük.
Common Name:	FRAGRANT SPIKESEDGE
Plant Notes:	This species was often known by the name Kyllinga odorata, but it must be replaced by a different name within the genus Cyperus.
Status:	Native, FACW (DEP), FACW (NWPL)
Specimen:	View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order	POALES
Family	CYPERACEAE
Genus	Cyperus
Species	Cyperus sesquiflorus (Torr.)Mattf. & Kük. - FRAGRANT SPIKESEDGE

Citation

Citation	CYPERUS SESQUIFLORUS (Torrey) Mattfeld & Kükenthal, in Engler, Pflanzenr. 4(Heft 101): 591. 1936.
Basionym:	Kyllinga sesquiflora Torrey 1836.
Type:	**

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

County	Herbaria	Literature Citation (If Applicable)
Alachua	FLAS
Bay	FLAS
Bradford	FLAS
Brevard	USF
Calhoun	USF
Charlotte	FLAS
Collier	FTG
Columbia	FSU
Dixie	FLAS
Duval	FLAS
Escambia	USF
Franklin	FSU
Gadsden	FLAS
Gilchrist	USF
Gulf	FSU
Hardee	USF
Hendry	FLAS
Hernando	USF
Highlands	USF
Hillsborough	USF
Holmes	FSU
Jackson	FLAS
Jefferson	FLAS
Lafayette	FLAS
Lake	USF
Lee	USF
Leon	USF
Levy	FLAS
Liberty	FLAS
Manatee	USF
Marion	USF
Martin	USF
Nassau	FSU
Okaloosa	USF
Okeechobee	USF
Orange	FLAS
Osceola	DWP
Palm Beach	FLAS
Polk	USF
Santa Rosa	UWFP
Sarasota	USF
Seminole	USF
Sumter	USF
Taylor	FSU
Volusia	USF
Wakulla	FSU
Walton	FLAS

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

Synonym	Full Citation	Basionym	Type
Kyllinga odorata	Kyllinga odorata Vahl, Enum. Pl. 2: 382. 1805.		"America meridionali", without data, Rohr s.n. (holotype: C).
Kyllinga odorata var. genuina	Kyllinga odorata Vahl, var. genuina Osten, Anales Mus. Nac. Montevideo, ser. 2. 3: 120. 1931, nom. inadmiss.	BASIONYM: Kyllinga odorata Vahl 1805.
Kyllinga sesquiflora	Kyllinga sesquiflora Torrey, Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3: 287. 1836.		TYPE: FLORIDA: Without data, Jun, Chapman 12 (holotype: NY).
Kyllinga campestris	Kyllinga campestris Salzmann ex Steudel, Syn. Pl. Glumac. 2: 68. 1854.		TYPE: BRAZIL: Bahia:
Kyllinga hortensis	Kyllinga hortensis Salzmann ex Schlechtendal, Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 7: 117. 1849.
Kyllinga leucocephala	Kyllinga leucocephala Baldwin, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., ser. 2. 2: 170. 1825.		TYPE: URUGUAY: Maldonado, s.d., Baldwin s.n. (holotype: PH).
Kyllinga madagascariensis	Kyllinga madagascariensis Gandoger, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 66: 298. 1919.		TYPE: MADAGASCAR: Near Nanisane, s.d., D'Alleizette 153 (holotyep: LY?).
Kyllinga martiana	Kyllinga martiana Schrader ex Nees von Esenbeck, in Martius, Fl. Bras. 2(1): 14. 1842.		TYPE: BRAZIL: Pará: Without data, Martius s.n. (holotype: M).
Kyllinga odorata var. major	Kyllinga odorata Vahl, var. major Boeckeler, Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk. Naturhist. Foren. Kjoebenhavn 1869: 125. 1869.	BASIONYM: Kyllinga martiana Schrader ex Nees von Esenbeck 1842.
Kyllinga odorata var. minor	Kyllinga odorata Vahl, var. minor Boeckeler, Linnaea 35: 411. 1868.		TYPE: MARTINIQUE: Without data, Sieber 18 (holotype: ?; isotype: M).
Kyllinga odorata var. rigida	Kyllinga odorata Vahl, var. rigida Boeckeler, Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjoebenhavn 1894: 271. 1895.		TYPE: BRAZIL: São Paulo: Franca, s.d., Loefgren & Edwall 2105 (syntype: C).
Kyllinga tuberosa	Kyllinga tuberosa Scheele, Linnaea 17: 342. 1843.		TYPE: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais: Without locality, 1832, Hartleben s.n. (holotype: B?).

Specimens

Country	State	County	Date	Specimen
USA	Florida	Sarasota Co.	23 Aug 2007	A. R. Franck 337
USA	Florida	Hernando Co.	12 Jul 1958	R. K. Godfrey 57157
USA	Florida	Okaloosa Co.	15 Aug 1983	G. Wilhelm 11691
USA	Florida	Brevard Co.	16 Mar 2008	C. Slaughter 16255
USA	Florida	Seminole Co.	30 Apr 2008	W. D. Longbottom 11119
USA	Florida	Polk Co.	15 Jun 1981	R. P. Sauleda 5481
USA	Florida	Lake Co.	21 Apr 1982	R. F. Daubenmire s.n.
USA	Florida	Highlands Co.	17 Aug 1947	L. J. Brass 18128
USA	Florida	Manatee Co.	01 Apr 1995	S. Cole SF0306
USA	Florida	Polk Co.	28 Aug 2001	M. T. Strong 2785
USA	Florida	Seminole Co.	30 Jun 1992	S. L. Orzell 19818
USA	Florida	Brevard Co.	27 Jun 2003	L. A. Lathrop 99
USA	Florida	Marion Co.	27 Aug 2000	M. T. Strong 2483
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	30 Jun 1976	S. Mortellaro 37
USA	Florida	Escambia Co.	30 Jun 1981	G. Wilhelm 9414
USA	Florida	Gilchrist Co.	25 Oct 1985	B. F. Hansen 10925
USA	Florida	Sumter Co.	31 Aug 2010	M. T. Strong 4000
USA	Florida	Polk Co.	26 Sep 2008	J. M. Kunzer 2610
USA	Florida	Manatee Co.	08 Jul 1999	C. Becker WC0534
USA	Florida	Lee Co.	05 Aug 1992	S. L. Orzell 20389A
USA	Florida	Martin Co.	July 1988	R. O. Woodbury s.n.
USA	Florida	Leon Co.	17 Jul 1986	B. F. Hansen 11048
USA	Florida	Manatee Co.	25 Jun 1993	S. Cole LM0101
USA	Florida	Sumter Co.	10 Aug 2005	M. T. Strong 3540
USA	Florida	Highlands Co.	09 May 1982	J. Popenoe 2196
USA	Florida	Okeechobee Co.	09 Jun 1993	S. L. Orzell 22061
USA	Florida	Seminole Co.	21 Jun 2012	D. H. Williams 3201
USA	Florida	Sumter Co.	01 Oct 2012	R. Rowe DB0191
USA	Florida	Volusia Co.	13 Sep 2014	D. H. Williams 3975
USA	Florida	Hardee Co.	05 Oct 2014	A. R. Franck 3650
USA	Florida	Calhoun Co.	10 Oct 2015	T. MacClendon 1438
USA	Florida	Sumter Co.	01 Oct 2012	R. Rowe DB0191
USA	Tennessee	Cocke Co.	21 Aug 1977	P. Genelle 3103
USA	Alabama	Baldwin Co.	26 Jul 1969	R. Kral 35776
USA	Louisiana	Livingston Par.	05 Aug 1979	C. M. Allen 9258
USA	Alabama	Baldwin Co.	06 Jul 1981	G. Wilhelm 9588
USA	South Carolina	Hampton Co.	03 Sep 1980	R. P. Sauleda 4091
USA	Georgia	Chatham Co.	18 Jun 1958	W. H. Duncan 21145
USA	Louisiana	Union Par.	23 Jul 1983	D. D. Taylor 4330
USA	South Carolina	Charleston Co.	18 Jul 1992	S. R. Hill 23903
USA	South Carolina	Pickens Co.	09 Sep 1990	S. R. Hill 21916
USA	South Carolina	Jasper Co.	29 Oct 1980	C. Aulbach-Smith 1301
USA	Mississippi	Harrison Co.	13 Sep 1981	R. P. Sauleda 6706
USA	North Carolina	Beaufort Co.	11 Oct 1958	A. E. Radford 42100

Listed Status: Florida

Listed Status:	(Florida):Source - Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Chapter 5B-40, Florida Administrative Code. 1998, amended.
Endangered:	A species of plants native to the state that are in imminent danger of extinction within the state, the survival of which is unlikely if the causes of a decline in the number of plants continue, and includes all species determined to be endangered or threatened pursuant to the Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Threatened:	Listed as Threatened Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Defined as species of plants native to the state that are in rapid decline in the number of plants within the state, but which have not so decreased in such number as to cause them to be endangered.

Listed Status: US

Listed Status: US	(U.S.) Source - List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants under the provisions of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Endangered:	Any species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
Threatened:	Any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range.

WAP: Wetland AssessmentProcedure

Wetland Assessment Procedure (WAP): Source - Southwest Florida Water Management District, Wetland Assessment Procedure Instruction Manual for Isolated Wetlands (March 2005).

AD:	Adaptive Species. Plant species designated as FAC or Upland by DEP, but commonly seen in the transition zone in limited numbers.
D:	Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the deep zone, and designated either FAC or OBL by DEP.
OD:	Outer Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the outer deep zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
T:	Transition Species. Plant species commonly found in the transition zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
U:	Upland Species. Plant species that are not expected to be seen in wetlands.

ANY - WAP critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with WAP designations
No - Show results without WAP designations

EPPC: Exotic Pest Plant Council

EPPC:

Source - Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council's 2017 List of Florida's Most Invasive Species

Category I - Species that are invading and disrupting native plant communities in Florida. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographic range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused.

Category II - Species that have shown a potential to disrupt native plant communities. These species may become ranked as Category I, but have not yet demonstrated disruption of natural Florida communities.

DEP: Department of Environmental Protection

Wetland Status, Department of Environmental Regulation (DEP): Source - Delineation of the Landward Extent of Wetlands and Surface Waters, Chapter 62-340, Florida Administrative Code. 1994.

OBL:	Obligate wetland. Occurs almost always under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands, but occasionally found in non-wetlands
FAC:	Facultative. equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands.

NWPL: National Wetland Plant List

National Wetland Plant List (NWPL): Source - Lichvar, R.W., M. Butterwick, N.C. Melvin, and W.N. Kirchner. 2014. The National Wetland Plant List: 2014 Update of Wetland Ratings. Phytoneuron 2014-41: 1-42.

OBL:	Obligate Wetland. Occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in non-wetlands.
FAC:	Facultative. Equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34%-66%).
FACU:	Facultative Upland. Usually occurs in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1%-33%).
UPL:	Obligate Upland. Occurs in wetlands in another region, but occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in non-wetlands in the regions specified.

Persisting

Identifying species that appear as waifs or only periodically appear in the flora for a few seasons.

Any - Persisting critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with a Persisting value of Y
No - Show results without Persisting value of N

Duration

Annual:	Plants that perform their entire lifecycle within a single growing season. All roots, stems, and leaves die at the end of the growing season. Over wintering seeds allow the next generation to appear.
Biennial:	A plant that is typically vegetative its first year and blooms the following season. Once it has bloomed and set seed, the plant dies. Garlic mustard is an example of a biennial.
Perennial:	These plants live for three or more seasons. Many perennials may not be mature enough to bloom during its first year. Perennial wildflowers re-grow each season from overwinter root material.

Category

Vascular:	Any of various plants that have the vascular tissues xylem and phloem. The vascular plants include all seed-bearing plants (the gymnosperms and angiosperms) and the pteridophytes (including the ferns, lycophytes, and horsetails). Also called tracheophyte.
Bryophyte:	A large group of seedless green plants including the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Bryophytes lack the specialized tissues xylem and phloem that circulate water and dissolved nutrients in the vascular plants. Bryophytes generally live on land but are mostly found in moist environments, for they have free-swimming sperm that require water for transport. In contrast to the vascular plants, the gametophyte (haploid) generation of bryophytes constitutes the larger plant form, while the small sporophyte (diploid) generation grows on or within the gametophyte and depends upon it for nutrition.
Lichen:	The mutualistic symbiotic association of a fungus with an alga or a cyanobacterium, or both. The fungal component of a lichen absorbs water and nutrients from the surroundings and provides a suitable environment for the alga or cyanobacterium. These live protected among the dense fungal hyphae and produce carbohydrates for the fungus by photosynthesis. Owing to this partnership, lichens can thrive in harsh environments such as mountaintops and polar regions. The more familiar lichens grow slowly as crusty patches, but lichens are found in a variety of forms, such as the tall, plantlike reindeer moss. The association between the different organisms in a lichen is so close that lichens are routinely referred to as a single organism, and scientists classify lichens using the name of the fungal component.

(Definitions from: American Heritage Science Dictionary)

Growth Habit

Intro paragraph to be provided by New York.

Vine:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Shrub:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Tree:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Et cetera:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.

State Rank

This numeric rank provides the relative rarity for each species based on a scale from 1 (very rare) to 5 (common). These ranks carry no legal status.

S1 - Typically 5 or fewer occurrences, very few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or some factor of its biology making it especially vulnerable in the state.
S2 - Typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in the state.
S3 - Typically 21 to 100 occurrences, limited acreage, or miles of stream in the state.
S4 - Apparently secure in the state.
S5 - Demonstrably secure in the state.
SE - State exotic or non-native.
SH - Historically known from the state, but not seen in the past 15 years.
SNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. This is mainly those species which are now excluded from flora for various reasons.
SNR - Not yet ranked.
SX - Apparently extirpated from the state.

Global Rank

Each species' global rank is determined by NatureServe. These ranks carry no legal weight. The global rank reflects the species worldwide rarity.

G1 - Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity (5 or fewer occurrences), or very few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or especially vulnerable to extinction because of some factor of its biology.
G2 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G3 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G4 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery.
GH - Historically known, with the expectation that it might be rediscovered.
GNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. NatureServe does not typically rank hybrid species.
GNR - Not yet ranked.
GX - Species believed to be extinct.

Filter by County - Counties to Include - ANY versus ALL

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Filter by County - Counties to Exclude - ANY versus ALL

Any - An Any search will combine the list of counties to exclude with a Boolean Or. Plant species returned will not be found within at least one of the selected counties.
All - An All search will combine the list of counties to exclude with a Boolean And. Plant species returned will not be found within any of the selected counties.

Associated Ecological Communities

View a List of All Ecological Communities

For more information, contact: Richard Wunderlin, Bruce Hansen, or Alan Franck

Web Development: USF Water Institute

A member of the University of South Florida family of PlantAtlas.org websites

Citation Information:

Wunderlin, R. P., B. F. Hansen, A. R. Franck, and F. B. Essig. 2018. Atlas of Florida Plants (http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/).[S. M. Landry and K. N. Campbell (application development), USF Water Institute.] Institute for Systematic Botany, University of South Florida, Tampa.

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Definition: Vouchered Specimen

A voucher specimen is a pressed and thoroughly dried plant sample deposited in a herbarium, and is intended to be a permanent record supporting research purposes. A voucher may be a record of a plant's occurrence in a particular area, or a specific example of a plant used in a scientific investigation.

Proper vouchers display all the necessary attributes for complete identification of the plant, and are to be accompanied by accurate locality, habitat, collection time, and collector data.

Only plant populations vouchered by specimens deposited in Index Herbariorum http://sciweb.nybg.org/science2/IndexHerbariorum.asp recognized herbaria are represented on this map.